By Tom Heneghan
(Reuters)
- About 100 million Christians are persecuted around the world, with conditions
worsening for them most rapidly in Syria
and Ethiopia, according to an annual report by a group supporting oppressed
Christians worldwide.
Open Doors, a non-denominational Christian group, listed North Korea,
Saudi Arabia
and Afghanistan as
the three toughest countries for Christians last year. They topped the
50-country ranking for 2011 as well.
Syria
jumped from 36th to 11th place on the list as its Christian minority, first
suspected by rebels of close ties to the Assad government, has increasingly
become a target for radical Islamist fighters, the report said.
Ethiopia, which is two-thirds Christian, shot up from 38th
to 15th place in the ranking due to a "complex mix of persecution
dynamics" including attacks by radical Islamists and reprisals by
traditional Christians against new Protestant movements.
Mali came from no listing for 2011 to 7th place because the
sharia rule the Islamist Ansar Dine group imposed on the north of the country
not only brought harsh punishments for the Muslim majority but also drove the
tiny Christian minority, it said.
"There are over 65 countries where Christians are
persecuted," said the report released on Tuesday by Open Doors, which
began in the 1950s smuggling Bibles into communist states and now works in more
than 60 countries.
"An estimated 100 million Christians worldwide are
persecuted," the United States-based group said in the report. All but one
of the 50 countries in the list - Colombia, which ranked 46th - were in Africa,
Asia or the Middle East.
Christianity is the largest and most widely spread faith in
the world, with 2.2 billion followers or 32 percent of the world population,
according to a report by the Washington-based Pew Forum on Religion and Public
Life.
It faces restrictions and hostility in 111 countries around
the world, ahead of the 90 countries limiting or harassing the second-largest
faith, Islam, another Pew report said.
"In recent years, we've been hearing that Christianity
is the most persecuted religion in the world - that sounds right to us,"
said Open Doors France
director Michel Varton at a presentation of the report in Strasbourg.
PERSECUTION
Leaders of various denominations - including Pope Benedict,
whose Roman Catholic followers account for more than half of all Christians -
increasingly make this accusation.
It may well be the case given Christianity's size and global
spread, but it is hard to produce enough reliable comparative statistics to
give it a solid empirical basis.
Some German politicians and human rights groups criticized
Chancellor Angela Merkel last November for saying this at a Protestant Church
conference there, saying it was pointless to try to rank religions according to
how persecuted they were.
Open Doors, which documents cases of persecution of
Christians, said its report was based on official studies, news reports and
field reports and questionnaires filled out by its staff workers around the
world.
Of the top 10 countries on the list - North Korea,
Saudi Arabia,
Afghanistan, Iraq,
Somalia, Maldives, Mali, Iran,
Yemen and Eritrea - eight are majority Muslim states threatened by what Open
Doors called "Islamic extremism".
North Korea
has kept its number one ranking for the past 11 years because it is illegal
simply to be a Christian there, it said. Open Doors estimates that up to 70,000
North Koreans have been sent to labor camps for their faith.
The report said second-placed Saudi Arabia, which bans
public practice of any faith but Islam, has a growing Christian population
because of its migrant workers and some converts it says converted after
watching Christian satellite television.
"Christians risk further persecution and oppression in
the future due to the rising number of converts and their boldness in sharing
their faith," it said.
(Additional reporting by Gilbert Reilhac in Strasbourg;
Editing by Alison Williams)